A simple decision tree-based disturbance monitoring system for VSC-based HVDC transmission link integrating a DFIG wind farm

Abstract Fault detection and classification is a key challenge for the protection of High Voltage DC (HVDC) transmission lines. In this paper, Teager–Kaiser Energy Operator (TKEO) algorithm associated with decision tree-based fault classifier proposed to detect classify various faults. The Change Identification Filter applied average differential current components, first instant occurrence (above threshold) register Identified Point (CIP). Further, if CIP registered positive or negative line, only three samples currents (i.e., each side CIP) are sent TKEO algorithm, which produces their respective 8 indices through the, can be detected along its classification. new approach enables quicker allowing utility grids restored as soon possible. This novel also reduces computing complexity time required identify faults importance accuracy scheme thoroughly tested compared other methods on HVDC